Talk about:
- Common illnesses / diseases,
symptoms, treatment /bežné choroby, symptómy, liečba/
- A healthy lifestyle
/zdravý životný štýl/
- How can people protect their health /ako si môžu ľudia chrániť
zdravie/
- Health care in Slovakia /zdravotná starostlivosť v SR/
-
A visit to a doctor /návšteva lekára/
Health /zdravie/ is very important and
therefore everybody should look after it.
1. People can suffer from /trpieť, byť chorý na/ these illnesses and
diseases:
- A FLU /chrípka/ - when you have a flu, you have a temperature /teplota/, your body aches
/bolieť/ and you feel bad. You should see the doctor – he will give you antibiotics. You should stay in bed, drink a lot of tea and
take pills /užívať tabletky/
- A COLD /nádcha/ - when you have a cold, you sneeze /kýchať/,
you have a sore throat /bolesť v hrdle/ and your nose is runny /tečie ti z nosa/. You should stay in bed, drink a lot of hot tea and
take some vitamins.
- DIABETES – cukrovka
- APPENDICTIS – zápal slepého čreva
- DIARRHOEA - hnačka
- MEASELS – osýpky
People can also suffer from
fatal diseases /smrteľné choroby/. For example:
- AIDS – if you have AIDS, you lose
/stratiť/ your immunity. The patient /pacient/ fells weak /slabý/, can have a fever /horúčka/, loses weight /chudne/ and any infection can
be fatal to him. It is a very serious disease /vážna choroba/ and scientists /vedci/ are trying to find a cure /liek/ for it.
- CANCER /rakovina/ - a serious disease – the patient has a tumor /nádor/ which is cured /lieči sa/ by
tablets, injections or a chemotherapy
- HEART ATTACK – srdcový infarkt
Diseases of
civilization /civilizačné choroby/:
- ASTHMA - astma
- ALLERGIES - alergie
- MIGRENES – migréna
2. If we want to avoid /vyhnúť sa/ illnesses, we should keep /dodržiavať/
a helthy lifestyle /zdravý životný štýl/. A healthy lifestyle can help us to protect /ochrániť/ our body
against diseases. A helathy lifestyle involves /zahŕňa/:
- regular exercise – pravidelné cvičenie
-
plenty of rest – veľa odpočinku
- enough sleep – dostatok spánku
- good eating
habits – dobré stravovacie návyky
- a lot of vitamins – veľa vitamínov
- no smoking or
alcohol
- we should think positively – mali by sme myslieť pozitívne
If we want to be healthy, we should
take care of our health /starať sa o svoje zdravie/. We should:
- clean our teeth regularly – čistiť si zuby
pravidelne
- do some exercise every day – každý deň cvičiť
- go for a walk – ísť na
prechádzku
- have a massage or a sauna sometimes
- reduce amount of fat, salt, sugar and
cholesterol – zredukovať množstvo tuku, soli, cukru a cholesterolu
- loose weight if we are overweight -
schudnúť ak máme nadváhu
- visit our doctor /GP/ regularly for check-ups – navštíviť pravidelne lekára na
kontroly
- visit a dentist twice a year – navštíviť zubára dvakrát za rok
- eat a lot of vegetables
- take some vitamin pills – jesť vitamínové tabletky => it is better to eat fruit and vegetables. It is
more healthy because fruit and vegetables don’t contain chemical additives /chemické prísady/ but the vitamin pills usually do. It is better to
eat raw /surový/ fruit and vegetables because when we cook it, it looses the vitamins.
3. Health care
in Slovakia is provided /zabezpečená/ for people from birth to death /od narodenia do smrti/. In Slovakia we have these health
facilities:
a) State - štátna
b) Private – súkromné
Medical care can be given
in:
- a health centre – zdravotné centrum
- a clinic - klinika
-
a hospital - nemocnica
- a surgery – súkromná ambulancia
- an ambulance -
sanitka
A pediatrician /pediater, detský lekár/ is a doctor who looks after the health of children. When a child is
born, he is vaccinated against /zaočkovaný proti/ such diseases as tuberculosis, tetanus and so on. GP /= general
practitioner = obvodný lekár/ is a doctor who looks after the health of adults. In case of emergency /v súrnom prípade/ we can call an
ambulance – we call the number 155 – the ambulance takes the patient to a hospital. Serious cases /vážne prípady/ are immediately operated
on in the operating theatre /operačná sála/. If we break a leg or an arm, we are X-rayed /roentgen/.
4. If we feel ill, we go to see our doctor who is called a GP. We should make an appointment in advance /objednať sa vopred/ and we must take our insurance card /poisteneckú kartičku/ with us. Everybody in our country has the right /právo/ go choose a doctor. When we come to the doctor’s surgery, he asks us how we feel and what problems we have. He examines us /vyšetrí nás/ and prescribes medicine /predpíše lieky/. Sometimes we must see a specialist – for example a dentist /zubár/, a surgeon /chirurg/, a psychiatrist and so on.
Some people prefer alternative
medicine /alternatívna medicína/ – it isn’t the traditional way of treating illnesses /nie je to tradičný spôsob liečenia chorôb/
- for example acupuncture when thin needles /tenké ihly/ are put ito different parts of the body.
BODY
PARTS /časti tela/:
- head – hlava
- eye –
oko
- mouth – ústa
- ear – ucho
- cheek – líce
- nose – nos
- neck – krk
- shoulders – plecia
-
chest – hruď
- back – chrbát
- arm - rameno
-
elbow - lakeť
- hand - ruka
- fingers - prsty
- bottom -
zadok
- leg – noha /celá/
- knee - koleno
- foot – noha
/chodidlo/