Health Care

Health Care

Talk about:

– Common illnesses / diseases, symptoms, treatment /bežné choroby, symptómy, liečba/

– A healthy lifestyle /zdravý životný štýl/

– How can people protect their health /ako si môžu ľudia chrániť zdravie/

– Health care in Slovakia /zdravotná starostlivosť v SR/

– A visit to a doctor /návšteva lekára/

Health /zdravie/ is very important and therefore everybody should look after it.

1. People can suffer from /trpieť, byť chorý na/ these illnesses and diseases:

– A FLU /chrípka/ – when you have a flu, you have a temperature /teplota/, your body aches /bolieť/ and you feel bad. You should see the doctor – he will give you antibiotics. You should stay in bed, drink a lot of tea and take pills /užívať tabletky/

– A COLD /nádcha/ – when you have a cold, you sneeze /kýchať/, you have a sore throat /bolesť v hrdle/ and your nose is runny /tečie ti z nosa/. You should stay in bed, drink a lot of hot tea and take some vitamins.

– DIABETES – cukrovka

– APPENDICTIS – zápal slepého čreva

– DIARRHOEA – hnačka

– MEASELS – osýpky

People can also suffer from fatal diseases /smrteľné choroby/. For example:

– AIDS – if you have AIDS, you lose /stratiť/ your immunity. The patient /pacient/ fells weak /slabý/, can have a fever /horúčka/, loses weight /chudne/ and any infection can be fatal to him. It is a very serious disease /vážna choroba/ and scientists /vedci/ are trying to find a cure /liek/ for it.

– CANCER /rakovina/ – a serious disease – the patient has a tumor /nádor/ which is cured /lieči sa/ by tablets, injections or a chemotherapy

– HEART ATTACK – srdcový infarkt

Diseases of civilization /civilizačné choroby/:

– ASTHMA – astma

– ALLERGIES – alergie

– MIGRENES – migréna

2. If we want to avoid /vyhnúť sa/ illnesses, we should keep /dodržiavať/ a helthy lifestyle /zdravý životný štýl/. A healthy lifestyle can help us to protect /ochrániť/ our body against diseases. A helathy lifestyle involves /zahŕňa/:

– regular exercise – pravidelné cvičenie

– plenty of rest – veľa odpočinku

– enough sleep – dostatok spánku

– good eating habits – dobré stravovacie návyky

– a lot of vitamins – veľa vitamínov

– no smoking or alcohol

– we should think positively – mali by sme myslieť pozitívne
If we want to be healthy, we should take care of our health /starať sa o svoje zdravie/. We should:

– clean our teeth regularly – čistiť si zuby pravidelne

– do some exercise every day – každý deň cvičiť

– go for a walk – ísť na prechádzku

– have a massage or a sauna sometimes

– reduce amount of fat, salt, sugar and cholesterol – zredukovať množstvo tuku, soli, cukru a cholesterolu

– loose weight if we are overweight – schudnúť ak máme nadváhu

– visit our doctor /GP/ regularly for check-ups – navštíviť pravidelne lekára na kontroly

– visit a dentist twice a year – navštíviť zubára dvakrát za rok

– eat a lot of vegetables

– take some vitamin pills – jesť vitamínové tabletky => it is better to eat fruit and vegetables. It is more healthy because fruit and vegetables don’t contain chemical additives /chemické prísady/ but the vitamin pills usually do. It is better to eat raw /surový/ fruit and vegetables because when we cook it, it looses the vitamins.

3. Health care in Slovakia is provided /zabezpečená/ for people from birth to death /od narodenia do smrti/. In Slovakia we have these health facilities:

a) State – štátna

b) Private – súkromné

Medical care can be given in:

– a health centre – zdravotné centrum

– a clinic – klinika

– a hospital – nemocnica

– a surgery – súkromná ambulancia

– an ambulance – sanitka

A pediatrician /pediater, detský lekár/ is a doctor who looks after the health of children. When a child is born, he is vaccinated against /zaočkovaný proti/ such diseases as tuberculosis, tetanus and so on. GP /= general practitioner = obvodný lekár/ is a doctor who looks after the health of adults. In case of emergency /v súrnom prípade/ we can call an ambulance – we call the number 155 – the ambulance takes the patient to a hospital. Serious cases /vážne prípady/ are immediately operated on in the operating theatre /operačná sála/. If we break a leg or an arm, we are X-rayed /roentgen/.

4. If we feel ill, we go to see our doctor who is called a GP. We should make an appointment in advance /objednať sa vopred/ and we must take our insurance card /poisteneckú kartičku/ with us. Everybody in our country has the right /právo/ go choose a doctor. When we come to the doctor’s surgery, he asks us how we feel and what problems we have. He examines us /vyšetrí nás/ and prescribes medicine /predpíše lieky/. Sometimes we must see a specialist – for example a dentist /zubár/, a surgeon /chirurg/, a psychiatrist and so on.

Some people prefer alternative medicine /alternatívna medicína/ – it isn’t the traditional way of treating illnesses /nie je to tradičný spôsob liečenia chorôb/ – for example acupuncture when thin needles /tenké ihly/ are put ito different parts of the body.

BODY PARTS /časti tela/:

– head – hlava

– eye – oko

– mouth – ústa

– ear – ucho

– cheek – líce

– nose – nos

– neck – krk

– shoulders – plecia

– chest – hruď

– back – chrbát

– arm – rameno

– elbow – lakeť

– hand – ruka

– fingers – prsty

– bottom – zadok

– leg – noha /celá/

– knee – koleno

– foot – noha /chodidlo/