Family

Cudzie jazyky » Angličtina

Autor: verca123
Typ práce: Maturita
Dátum: 13.09.2013
Jazyk: Angličtina
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Family
 
Pictures
- Compare the possible family life of these families. What’s the difference? Which one would you choose to live in and why?
- Look at the pictures. Compare and contrast them. Which family is similar to your family? Give details.
- Look at the pictures and describe the families. Which of these two families could you imagine to live in?
- Describe the picture. Talk about an average weekday of the family from morning to evening.
- What are the people in the picture celebrating? Describe the picture in details. Compare this celebration with yours.
- Describe the picture in details. What are the people celebrating? Is it different to the celebration in our country?
 
Discussion
1. When do people write CV? 
2. Have you ever written it? 
3. How should it look like?
4. What information must be included?

- Where are you from and what do you do? 
- Tell us about your childhood and how it has shaped your life.
- What are some if your likes and dislikes? What are your interests?
- How would you describe yourself as a person?
- Talk about your habits and daily routines on week days and at the weekend.
- Describe your average weekday from morning to evening.
- What does it mean ‘a family’ to you?

12.  What types of families do you know?
13.  What about your family? What family structure is typical for your family?
14.  Introduce yourself and your family. Describe your family relationships.

- Compare yourself with one member of your family.

16.  Describe your family tree.
17.  Which member of your family is your closest? Why?
18.  Describe that person – appearance, qualities, and hobbies.
19.  What’s the difference between a common family and a family of some celebrities? Which one would you choose to live in and why?
20.  What can you say about the generation gap between young people of today and the older generation?
21.  Is there a generation gap in our society? Why? What do you think may be the causes of a possible generation gap?
22.  Do you think parents and children live in two different worlds?
23.  How should parents bring up their children?
24.  Do you get on well with your parents?
25.  What are the most common conflict areas between generations?
26.  Do your parents interfere very much with your plans and wishes? /holidays, future career/
27.  Do your parents force you to do something?
28.  Are your parents easy to be persuaded?
29.  Why do some parents control their children?
30.  Do your parents treat you as a child?
31.  What household chores do you have to do at home?
32.  Are your parents angry if you don‘t do your duties? Are you punished? How?
33.  Talk about your grandparents and your relationship with them.
34.  What are the pros and cons of being an only child?

- Why do some children run away from home?
- If you’re an only child, would you like to have a brother or sister? Why?
- Do you think problems and misunderstandings with parents are inevitable? Why?

38.  Do your parents trust you? If not, why do you think they don’t? What are some qualities that make a person trustworthy?
39.  Are there any advantages of living in a small/big family?
40.  Is it good to live together with grandparents under one roof?
41.  Do you like big family parties/celebrations?
42.  Are you close to your parents or to somebody else?
43.  Do you like big family parties/celebrations?
44.  Do you keep any family holidays? Describe one family celebration.
45.  How old should a person be to get married?
46.  Would you like to get married one day?
47.  How long should people go together before getting married?
48.  How do you imagine an ideal family life/your future family?
49.  How should your future husband look like? What qualities he/she should have?
50.  What is important to you in a relationship?
51.  What about your future career and living? What are your dreams?
52.  What are the functions of the family?
53.  How does the family differ from that of past times?
54.  What are the most common problems of single-parent families?
55.  What do you think are the reasons of increasing of the divorce rate in modern society?

- If you couldn’t have your own children, would you consider adopting some? Why?
- Do you think that today’s world is a dangerous place for children to grow up in?
- What sort of problems have young Slovak families got? 
- Talk about:

· everything that is good, about the traditional family
· everything that is not so good about the traditional family
· how the family is changing now
· how to preserve the family.

Role-plays and simulations

- Your best friend is going to England, and an English friend of yours is going you meet him/her at the airport. In a telephone conversation, give a brief description of your best friend, so that your English friend can recognize him/her in the crowd. /Role-play/
- Your partner longs for a big family but you think one child is enough. What are your arguments to convince him/her?  /Role-play/
- You are going to organise a birthday party. Plan the party, discuss it with your friend and decide on the following: number of people to invite, where and when to hold the party, what you want people to wear, food and drink, entertainment, how long the party is going to be, how to inform people about it and how to decorate the room.  /Role-play/
 
4. You share your bedroom with your sibling who is very untidy. What would you do to make him/her  not leave his/her stuff about a lot, tidy up his/her books not chat with his/her friends for hours and share the housework at home? /Role-play/
 
- Describe a member of your family in detail. Speak about his/her physical appearance and his/her personality as well. Say what you like and dislike about him/her, and compare him/her with other family members. /Simulation/

- A: You have an 18-year-old daughter/son who wants to talk to you about something that has been on her/his mind for some time. Listen and try to give him/her some advice. B: You have a problem that you would like to discuss with your mother/father. Ask him/her for advice. Here are a few ideas to help: a friend has let you down, you would like to have a birthday party, you want to buy a new DVD-player, you have broken up with your girlfriend/boyfriend, somebody is bullying you at school, and you have witnessed a crime. /Role-play/

Rodina
- životopis /osobné údaje, meno, bydlisko, dátum a miesto narodenia, rodinný stav, významné momenty v živote/
- členovia rodiny /zovňajšok, charakter, záľuby/
- rodinné vzťahy /vzťahy  medzi súrodencami, rodičmi a deťmi, starí rodičia, pomoc v rodine, domáce práce, všedné dni a rodinné oslavy/
- predstavy  o svojej budúcej rodine, partnerovi, bývaní, práci
- rodina a spoločnosť /funkcie rodiny, rodina kedysi a dnes, generačné problémy a problémy monoparentálnych rodín, rozvodovosť, nízka pôrodnosť/
 
A.
Curriculum Vitae
-  When do we write it? –  when you are applying for a job, a school
-  How to write it? – logically divided, structured, well-defined, brief
-  What to write there?
A CV should include the following information:
¨ Contact information – name, address, telephone number, mobile phone, e-mail
¨ Personal information – date of birth, place of birth, country of origin/ citizenship/ nationality, gender
¨ Optional personal information -  marital status, spouse’s name, children
¨ Education – secondary  school, university graduate school  /often in reverse chronological order, include dates, details of degrees/
¨ Employment history – work history, positions, training /often in reverse chronological order, include dates,  positions and details – responsibilities, and accomplishments/
¨ Qualifications - certificates and accreditations
¨ Other skills – languages, computer skills, driving licence
¨ Awards, publications, books, memberships
¨ Interests
Marital status – single, married, divorced, widowed, engaged
-  Where are you from and what do you do?  - I was born in ..../place/ on......./date/. Now I live on...../street/ in......../town/city/. I’m a student at........... In addition to my studies, I also /play the guitar/help at home/ have a small job.
-  Tell us about your childhood and how it has shaped your life. – I am the /eldest/middle/youngest of .......children. This has meant that I /had to help more at home/ was given greater attention/had less freedom/... I am an only child. As a result, I have been /a little spoilt/ quite independent/ somewhat lonely/....  As a family, we enjoyed /travelling to new places/ playing games/ skiing in the mountains.... My parents gave me opportunities for /trying different sports/going to many camps/... One of my best memories is when.....
-  What are some if your likes and dislikes? What are your interests? – I like /animals/holidays/... I also enjoy /sports/reading/ music/... I am interested in /literature/history/science/. I dislike spiders/tests/... It bothers me when /people lie/it rains a lot/ others are selfish/.
-  How would you describe yourself as a person? – I have a /quiet/cheerful/lively/ personality. I prefer to /have a lot of people around me/spend time alone/... My abilities include being good at /mathematics/ handicrafts/ languages/... I also have a talent for /playing the piano/writing short stories/...
Important occasions in a family /Celebrations and anniversaries/
Birth – Before a baby is born, its mother is pregnant, or is expecting a baby. Then she gives birth, either in hospital or at home. A midwife helps to deliver the baby. In Britain and the USA, many parents christen /give a name to a child/ or baptise their babies in church.
Wedding – At a wedding, the two people getting married are the bride and bridegroom. A wedding can be a religious ceremony /in a church/ or a civil ceremony /at a registry-office/. After the wedding, friends and relatives are invited to a reception. Then the couple goes on a honeymoon.
-  people – bride, groom, best man, bridesmaid, priest, guests, newlyweds
-  clothes – formal, not casual, wedding dress, pumps, veil, bouquet, wedding ring, dark suit, white shirt, tie, bow-tie
-  engagement, proposal, to propose, to engage
After a man and woman fall in love, they usually decide to marry. There is the proposal and a ring. Then the parents of the bride-to-be announce the engagement. Before wedding the couple decided on printing the wedding announcements, making reservations a a restaurant for the reception and a hotel room for the honeymoon. Traditional church weddings are on Saturday. There are some traditions which still remain. After the wedding, either in front of the church or at the reception, the new bride tosses the flower bouquet. The woman who catches the bouquet will, they say, be the next to marry. At the wedding ceremony the bride is supposed to wear ´something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue´.
Weddings in cities are usually held in larges churches. Besides the lucky couple, the wedding party includes several bridesmaids in matching dresses, six or eight uskers in matching suits, the best man, and the priest and a guest list. After the wedding, there is a reception with a layered wedding cake.
In smaller towns or villages a wedding is held in a small chapel or town hall.
Death – When someone dies, the body is usually put into a coffin. At the funeral, the body may be cremated or buried in a cemetery /graveyard/. The grave is marked with a gravestone /headstone/. Close relatives of the death person usually go into mourning.
Types of gathering – barbecue, christening, funeral, anniversary, birthday party, names day party, cocktail party, wedding, passing an exam, retirement party, winning a scholarship
B.
Family and types of families
A family consists of people who are socially-related to one another. An exam of such a social relationship might be marriage or cohabitation.
Marriage is an important concept when talking about family life in our society. We place a great deal of importance upon the concept of “legal marriage“ as the cornerstone of the family group.
There are a number of different family structures that we can identify: the extended family /this type of family structure consists of three or more generations living in the same household/, the nuclear family /consists of two generations of family members living in the same household/, single-parent families /involve a single person plus dependent children, this type of family is sometimes referred to as a “broken nuclear family“ as it often arises out of the break-up of a nuclear family because of divorce, pregnancy outside marriage or the death of a marriage partner/, reconstituted families /also known as step-families, this type of family is usually nuclear in form and involves parents, children of either spouse from a first marriage and possibly children from their present marriage/
Family tree – family background, ancestor, descendant, close and distant relatives, parents, father, mother, grandfather, grandmother, child, first-born child, newborn, infant, toddler, youngster, adolescent,  grandson, granddaughter, step-mother, step-father, foster parents, cousin, nephew, aunt, uncle, niece, mother-in-law, father-in-law, bachelor, spinster, single mother, orphan, widow, widower, teenager, adult, fiancé, fiancée, newlyweds, married couple, pensioner, retiree, spouse, offspring, siblings, half-brother
AppearanceDescribing people
What is your relationship to the person? How old is the person? Where does he/she live? What about his/her family? How does he/she look like /outer and inner description/? What does the person like/dislike doing? What are his/her hobbies?
Age
¨ Age categories - baby, toddler, child, teenager, young man/woman, middle-aged man/woman, elderly /= more polite than old/
¨ Precise age - She is twenty-one.
¨ Imprecise ages - He’s in his teens. She’s in her early/mid-/late twenties. He’s about thirty.
Height – tall, medium-height, short, He’s average height. She’s is above average height. She’s petite. He’s short. She’s tallish/shortish. She’s taller/shorter than average.
Face – round, oval, heart-shaped, narrow, long, square, thin, triangular, wide
Lips – thin, thick, fleshy
Eyes – shining, dull, dark, slanting, close together, small, round, blue, grey, wide apart, deep-set
Eyebrows – thin, bushy
Nose – Roman, pointed, hooked, big, flat, long, turned-up, and straight
Jaw – square, wide
Ears – small, pointed, large, prominent, sticking out
Build
¨ Women and men - He’s fat/overweight/obese. She’s slim /pleasingly thin/. He’s thin /often used in a negative way/. She’s skinny /emaciated /kosť a koža/ scrawny /vychrtlý/
¨ Women - She’s got a good figure. She’s plump. She’s slender.
¨ Men - He’s got a paunch. /a large stomach/ He is stocky. /short and strong/ He’s well-built/ athletic
Hair
¨ Length - long, short, medium-length, shoulder-length
¨ Colour - black, fair, dark, ginger, red, grey, going grey, light-brown, medium-brown, dark-brown, mousy, natural blond, dyed blond, white
¨ Type - curly, frizzy, spiky, straight, wavy, He’s bald. He’s going bald. He’s got a bald patch. He’s got a receding hairline. /more formal/ His hair is receding. /less formal/
¨ Style - She’s wearing her hair down/loose/up/in plaits/in a pony tail/in a bun. She’s got a fringe/ side parting/centre parting/ crew cut/dreadlocks.
Order of adjective - /lenght+colour+type/ She’s got short, blonde curly hair.
Complexion - She’s got a fair/dark/olive/pale/tanned complexion. He’s got a clear/good/spotty/flawless complexion. She’s got freckles/spots/beauty spot/wrinkles/pimples/acne/laughter lines/dimple on his right cheek/birthmark/ wart.
Distinguishing features - He’s got a beard/moustache. He’s clean-shaven. He’s got bushy eyebrows/a scar/a tattoo. She wears glasses.
Way of dressing – She prefers wearing baggy/tight clothes made from natural/artificial materials. She is fashion conscious. Her style of dressing is elegant/loose. She is wearing casual/formal clothes.
Qualities – friendly, outgoing, helpful, tactful, thoughtful, attentive, trustworthy, reliable, responsible, diligent, untidy, aggressive, proud, obstinate, mean, greedy, jealous, sincere, generous, deceitful, moody, optimistic, pessimistic, sociable, talkative, reserved, shy, impatient, ambitious, lazy, hard-working, easy-going, cheerful, sensitive, punctual, emotional, hospitable, formal, casual, enthusiastic, quiet, tolerant, sophisticated, fun-loving, humorous, serious, nationalistic, romantic, insecure, competitive, frank, organized, self-centred, cautious, careless, absent-minded, old-fashioned, well-meaning, big-headed, strong-willed, broad-minded, self-confident, hard-working

C.

Family relationships
The basis of a family is a mother, a father and a child. But family, it isn\'t only a mother, a father and a child, but there is a grandfather, a grandmother, in-laws, uncles, aunts, cousins, a godfather, a godmother etc.
People have close or distant  relatives, but some people have  no relatives,  a lot of  children have no  parents, they are orphans, but  some parents don\'t  want their child  and so the  parents who want a child can adopt this child. These parents are foster parents and this child is a foster child.
There are good relationships in some families. Parents get on well with their children, they don’t have any fight, and they don\'t commit adultery.
In other families relationships are not so good. Parents don\'t get on well with their children or the husband doesn\'t get on well with his wife. The man keeps a mistress or the woman has a lover. They always have fights and so they have to divorce.
Boys and girls are brought up in different ways, too.  Boys wear blue, girls wear pink, boys play with guns and cars and girls play with dolls.  Boys are  allowed to  make more  noise and cause  more  trouble,  while  girls  are  supposed to be more interested in  talking to and understanding  people. They are supposed to be a good wife and to bring up children.
Some parents bring up their children not very good, they spoil their children. Their children are allowed to do everything what they want.  They do not have to help their parents at home. These children don\'t respect their parents and they don\'t know the price of money. They don\'t want to take care of their parents when they are old and they usually send them to pensioner\'s home.
There  is a  generation gap  in our  society too, because  older people don\'t understand  young people and  young  people  don\'t understand  older people.  They have different opinions and attitudes to life. It isn\'t a new problem.  There always have been generation problems here in our society.
There are a lot of conflict areas between generations. For example: way of dressing. Young people wear jeans, that are often torn and shabby and to big shirts, that have dull colours. They wear high boots. Their hair is untidy. Boys have long hair, they wear pony tails, their hair is coloured.  Girls wear strike colours on their hair and they wear heavy make-up. As for their behaviour: they are cheeky, they talk back, and they are selfish and rude.  They often smoke and drink alcohol in spite of that that it is forbidden by parents.  Older people don\'t like spending children\'s free time. They always watch television too much, they listen to the radio and that is noisy, they go often to the cinema and to the disco, so they spend a lot of money for their free time. A lot of parents don\'t like dating their children. They think, they are too young and they fear for them, because they think that their daughter can be pregnant and then she has to marry very young.  Then she doesn\'t finish school and she can find a worse job or she can be unemployed or she can have a good job, but a small salary.  Parents don’t like when their children go out too often and their coming home are in the late night. They don\'t learn very well, so the results are horrible. Their parents are unhappy, because  children don’t have a  chance  to be accepted to the  university and they will  not have very good  job and  they will earn  little money.
A lot of teenagers don\'t like helping their parents. They don\'t like when they have to tidy up, vacuum or work in the garden. But some parents force their children to do some of these things and they forbid them to do almost all things that the other people can do. Parents don\'t trust them and always control them. They interfere with their plans, for example future career or holidays.  Then parents lose their children\'s sympathy and confidence.

Vocabulary

I get on well with… I am close to my parents. My parents fear for me. They are unable to be persuaded. They treat him as a child. They are too strict. I do not share their opinions. We are different in many ways. We have certain things in common. / nothing in common. They interfere too much with my plans.
to be close to somebody, to convince sb., to give sb.more freedom, to force sb. to do smtg., to interfere with, to get on well with, to treat sb as a child, to be strict, to loose children’s sympathy, to fear for, to be worried about, to allow, to treat, to advise, to give advice, to have nothing in common with the older generation,
I don’t agree with… We share the same opinion.  We get on well but sometimes we must be careful not to argue with them. Whatever I tell my mother, she always argues. We are different from each other.
to take after someone, respect, to admire/look up to, to bring up/raise a child, to be close to, to take someone’s  side, the black sheep, scapegoat, to put up with/tolerate, to flatter/get round, reprimand/tell off, punishment /grounded, corporal/, parents /strict, permissive, tolerant/, domestic violence, abuse /sexual, physical, verbal/

Household chores

Useful vocabulary - mess, leave, tidy up, noise,  put away, use up, clean, switch off, wash up,  vacuum,  dust,  do the shopping,  make the beds, cook,  do the gardening,  set the table
Behaviour at home - Some things you are supposed to do /and not to do/ in your house or flat:
-  tidy things up and put them away when you\'ve finished using them /don\'t leave them lying around/
-  wash up /or wash the dishes/ after a meal, and clear things away
-  keep your room clean and tidy /don\'t make a mess/
-  don\'t make too much noise
-  switch/turn lights off when you leave a room /don\'t leave them on/
-  don\'t use up too much hot water
-  to wipe, polish, wash up,  do the rooms, beat the carpets, make the beds, to water the flowers, to cook
-  to put the house in order, clear away/off, clean, polish, sweep, mop, do the laundry, dust, scour, scrub

Jobs in the house
- Labour-saving devices /=machines or appliances that save time and work in the home/
-  vacuum cleaner = cleaning carpets, washing machine = washing clothes, sewing machine = sewing, making clothes, food processor = preparing food, cooker = cooking food, microwave oven = cooking food quickly, electric drill = repairing things, drilling, iron = ironing clothes, dishwasher = washing dishes
Vacuum cleaners are also called hoovers, and we use the expression to hoover the carpets.

Works in the garden

- to mow the lawn, to trim the hedge, to plant, to sow, to plough, to dig, to hoe, to rake, to weed, to water, to harvest, to pick fruit

E.

Causes of divorce – alcohol, money /shortage of money because of unemployment/, different opinions on bringing up children, immaturity of partners, living with parents /more generations under one roof, no privacy, influence of parents/, health problems /of one of the partners, of their children – mental or physical disability/, intolerance, not knowing each other
Causes of low birth rate - young people prefer career to bringing up children/having a baby, health problems /disability to have a baby/, money problems, stillborn children, illegitimate children, economical problems
Problems of monoparental families – lack of money, too much work in the household and around the house, conflicts among children, age differences, great household expenses, not enough time for children,
Functions of family – bringing up children, provide them food and opportunities to learn, provide them with social stability, develop their emotions, talent and knowledge
Family in the past and now
In the past – mother at home, many children, enough time, father worked, father was the head of the family
Now – mother works, emancipated women, an only child

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