Sports and games, Kinds of sports

Sports and games

Sports and games are the most popular leisure time activities. SPORT is an activity for one person. It help can help you to lose weight and keep fit physically and mentally. GAMES are usually played between two or more people. A game has rules. There is a referee who makes sure that the players obey the rules. The referee decides who wins.

KINDS OF SPORTS

Sport activities can be generally divided into outdoor and indoor sports.

Outdoor sports: They include mainly athletics, summer, winter and extreme sports.

Athletics includes track and field events( marathon,

long-distance run, cross-county run, relay-race) and sprinting events( the hundred metres, hurdles). Athletics includes jumping( high jump, long jump, triple jump, pole jump) and throwing(hammer, discus, javelin, shot put)

Summer sports: They include mainly water sports- sailing, regatta, swimming, water skiing, windsurfing, diving, water polo, water gymnastics, canoeing, fishing, rafting and so on. Swimming is typical summer sport but it is possible to practise it all the year round in indoor pools. Swimming includes(breathstroke, backstroke, crawl and butterfly)

Other summer sports: cycling, golf, tennis, football, roller-skating, jogging

Winter sports: Winter sport is a sport which is played on snow or ice.

Skiing (giant slalom downhill racing, sky jump)

ice skating( figure skating and speed skating),

sledding, snowboarding, speed skating, ice-hockey, curling…

Extreme sports: skydiving, bungee jumping, freestyle skiing, paintball, rock

climbing, car racing, rafting

Other outdoor sports: jogging, hiking, athletics

Indoor sports: gymnastics, floorball, muscle building, spinning, bowling, ice- hockey,

volleyball, table tennis, yoga…

Individual sports: cycling, skating, shooting, bodybuilding, weight lifting, jogging, horse

riding…

Collective sports: ice-hockey, rugby, tennis, water polo, fencing/šerm/, curling

The most popular collective sports are ball games: basketball, baseball,

volleyball and so on.

IMPORTANCE OF SPORT

Most people do sports because they need relax and they know that practising a sport, suitable for them, can improve their health or less their weight. Sport is a good way of spending leisure time. Lots of young people do team sports. Winning a game is a great motivation for the players to continue to improve, but it is also important to learn to accept defeat when the team loses.

Advantages: Well sports help you to stay healthy, relax, develop /rozvíja/ and train your

muscles, keep fit, increase your immunity. In other words, you fell better and

better everyday.

Disadvantages: I don’t know a lot of disadvantages of sports. But when you do too sport you

can destroy your body .

PLACE AND EQUIPMENT

We can do sport in these sport facilities:

Sports stadiums, sports halls, a ski resort, fitness centres, a gym, a golf-course, an ice-rink, a tennis court, swimming pool, pitch, road, green, track….

Sport equipment:

Diving: wet suit, flippers/plutvy/, snorkel, mask, goggle/okuliare/

Fishing: fishing rod/udica/, fishing line, gorge/návnada/

Volleyball: net, ball

Baseball: pads/chrániče/, baseball bat/ pálka/, baseball gloves, ball

Basketball: basket, sporting costume, ball

Bowling: bowling track, bowling ball, skittles/kuželky/

Gymnastics: back horse/ koza/, horizontal bar/hrazda/, parallel bars/tiče/, bean/ kladina/,

mat/žinienka/, vaulting horse/ kôň/, rings/kruhy/

Golf: golf clubs, golf ball, golf bag, caddie car

Horse-riding: horse, saddle/sedlo/, bridle/uzda/, reins/okovy/, whip/bič/, helmet, riding shoes,

special outfit

Tennis: tennis racquet, tennis ball, net

Cross-county skiing: cross-country skis and boot /bežky/, binding/viazanie/, sticks/palice/,

gloves, cap

Downhill skiing: downhill skis, buckled shoes/lyziarky/, binding/viazanie/, sticks,

ski lift/vlek/, costume

GENERATION GAP

Children prefer ball games. They do it just for fun. They run a lot.

Teens do sport to look better and to feel more attractive. They enjoy cycling, weight-training and so on. Some of them do team sport at national or international competitions.

Adults do sports to fight their overweight or they just want to be fit.

The old people don’t practise sport very much because a lot of them have health problems.

But everybody can do some sport, for example cycling horse-riding and so on.

SPORTS IN SLOVAKIA AND IN OTHER CONTRIES

Slovakia : In our country ice-hockey is very popular. It has many fans. A lot of Slovak hockey players play in American and Canadian National teams. In 2002 Slovak team won World Cup of Hockey. In 2012 our team won a silver medal.

Rules: Hockey is played in ice-rink.It is a game played on ice between two teams who try to hit a puck into a goal with long wooden stick. The team who gives the most goals is the winner.

Great Britain: Some of the games, such as football, rugby, golf and tennis originated in Britain and spread all over the world from there. The most favourite game is football.

The USA: In the USA are very popular these games: ice-hockey, rugby, baseball, basketball,

and American football.

Scotland: In Scotland is very popular throwing the hammer /hod kladivom/.

Ireland: in Ireland is very popular curling

PROFESIONAL SPORTSPERSONS

People who do sport at the top level are professionals or semi-professionals who are paid for training and performance. They want to achieve best performance to get the best possible results and be invited to competitions. World championships are held every year. The greatest success lies in /spočiva v/ going to the Olympic Games and winning a medal.

Famous sportsmen: Marek Hamšík, Dominik Hrbatý, Zdeno Chára, ….

Famous sportswomen: Dominika Cibuľkova, Anastazia Kuzminova, Martina Moravcova,

Famous sportsteams: Menchester United, Boston Bruins,

COMPETITIONS IN THE WORLD

1. Country championships ( in France, in Slovakia …)
2. Continental championships ( in Africa, in Europa…)
3. World championships
4. Olympic games

THE OLYMPIC GAMES

The first Olympic Games were held in Athens in 776 B.C.. Women in the Old Greece could not take part in the Olympic Games. The first modern Olympics games were held also in Athens in 1896. Since then they take part every 4 years, every time in a different country by the world. Only professional sportspersons take part in them. The symbols of the Olympic games are the Olympic flag with 5 rings and the Olympic fire which is light at the beginning at the Olympic

MY FAVOURITE SPORTS AND GAMES

Sports:

My favourite sport is skating, It is typical winter sport. Equipment is not very complicated. I need only skates and warm clothes. Professional’s skaters can skate only in ice-rink but children can skate on rivers or lakes just for fun in winter. I go skating with my friends to ice-rink in my town. I love it very much.

There are a few tips of skating: figure skating, fast skating, roller-skating

Games:

I like a lot of games but only on TV. I watch them at home or at pub with my fiends. It is exciting when Slovak players play on TV. I am a big fan of Slovak hockey team because I like hockey. Hockey is played in ice-rink. It is a game played on ice between two teams who try to hit a puck into a goal with long wooden stick. Match has three twenty minutes parts. The team who gives the most goals in 60 minutes is the winner.

SPORTS ON TV

A lot of people don’t do sport actively but they love watching sport on TV. On TV there are many sport news and sports channels.

Some Sport channels: Euro sport, Nova sport, Race world….

SPORTS IN MY FAMILY

My mum used to play volleyball and do gymnastics when she was younger. My dad used to skating or play ice-hockey on the like. Now, they haven’t time for sport. My younger brother doesn’t like sport, he is a couch potato.

PE AT SCHOOL

We have PE three times a week. At the beginning we run a few minutes or we warming up. Then we play volleyball, floorball, basketball or table tennis. Sometimes we use back horse, horizontal bar, bean, rings, or trampolines. If the weather is nice, we will go outside. PE isn’t my favourite subjects. We have PE three times a week.

SPORTS FACILITIES IN MY TOWN

There are ice-rink, pitch, fitness centre, road, tennis court, volleyball court, a gym…..