Jobs and Employment (konverzačná téma)

Cudzie jazyky » Angličtina

Autor: ivka47
Typ práce: Ostatné
Dátum: 04.04.2023
Jazyk: Angličtina
Rozsah: 2 052 slov
Počet zobrazení: 1 002
Tlačení: 53
Uložení: 64

Jobs and Employment (konverzačná téma)

Talk about:

  1. Different kinds of jobs
  2. The ways how people can look for a job
  3. The reasons why people work
  4. The reasons why people change jobs
  5. Young people and their career:
    • their job preferences
    • their problems with their job
    • your dream job as a child
    • what do you want to do after you finish school
  6. Workaholics + dangerous jobs + jobs requiring special character traits

DIFFERENT KINDS OF JOBS

There are many kinds of jobs and professions. For example:

  • a lawyer – právnik
  • a dentist – zubár
  • a doctor - doktor
  • a nurse - sestrička
  • an architect – architekt
  • a priest – kňaz
  • a vet – veterinár
  • a police-officer / a policeman – policajt
  • a librarian – knihovník
  • an accountant – účtovník
  • an engineer – inžinier
  • a scientist – vedec
  • a civil servant – štátny zamestnanec
  • a designer – návrhár
  • a hairdresser – kaderník, kaderníčka
  • a mechanic – mechanik
  • a car mechanic - automechanik
  • a plumber – inštalatér
  • a carpenter – tesár, stolár
  • a builder – murár
  • an electrician  - elektrikár
  • a tailor / a dressmaker – krajčír, krajčírka
  • a cleaner - upratovačka
  • a fireman – požiarnik
  • a farmer – poľnohospodár, farmár
  • a miner – baník
  • a shop assistant – predavač /v obchode/
  • a broker – obchodník s cennými papiermi
  • a secretary – sekretárka
  • an artist – umelec
  • a designer – návrhár
  • a journalist - novinár

THE WAYS HOW PEOPLE CAN LOOK FOR A JOB

There are several ways how to find a job. You can:

  • look at job advertisements in newspaper or on the internet
  • ask your family, friends and acquaintances if they know about any job vacancies
  • you can go to a jobcentre or to an employment office /employment agency/ and ask for help.

When you find a job advertisement, you have to contact your future employer either by post, telephone, or e-mail and find out if the position is still free. If it is, you have to write a CV, in which you include all the necessary information – your personal data and details about your education, qualifications and special skills (for example computer skills, driving licence …) Then you send your CV together with a cover letter (a letter that offers more detailed information about you) to your potential employer. After that you should prepare for the job-interview.

If you are looking for a job, you should find out /zistiť/ these information:

- What is the working time? – Aký je pracovný čas?

- What is the salary ? – Aký je plat?

- What are my duties, responsibilities? – Aké sú moje povinnosti, zodpovednosti?

- When would you need me to start? – Kedy by ste potrebovali, aby som začal v práci?

THE REASONS WHY PEOPLE WORK:

People need to work because:

  • they need money to cover our living costs – to buy food, to pay for electricity, to pay bills... – potrebujú peniaze, aby pokryli náklady na živobytie – aby kúpili jedlo, zaplatili elektrinu, aby zaplatili účty
  • they want to make the most of their talent – chcú vyťažiť čo najviac zo svojho talentu
  • for some people their job can also be their hobby - pre niektorých ľudí môže byť ich práca koníčkom

THE REASONS WHY PEOPLE CHANGE JOBS:

Some young people can study what they want and later they can choose their own career. But not all of them. Many people must do the job they are offered. If they aren’t satisfied they decide to change their job. The main reasons are:

  • bad working conditions – zlé pracovné podmienky
  • a bad salary – they don’t earn enough money – zlý plat – nezarábajú dosť peňazí
  • an unpleasant and intolerant boss or colleagues – nepríjemný a netolerantný šéf alebo kolegovia
  • long working hours – dlhá pracovná doba
  • some people change their job when they get married because they move to a different place – a different town or a city – niektorí ľudia zmenia svoje zamestnanie, keď sa oženia /vydajú/, pretože sa musia presťahovať na iné miesto
  • you can be made redundant – prepustený z nadbytočnosti
  • you get a better job offer – dostaneš lepšiu pracovnú ponuku

YOUNG PEOPLE AND THEIR FUTURE JOB

Young people have their dreams and preferences about their future job. Young people usually decide between the ages 16 and 20 if they are going to do a manual job or a better paid job. Many young people nowadays want to become lawyers, economists, managers, computer analysts or doctors because these jobs are interesting and usually well-paid. But if you want to do any of these jobs, you have to have higher education – you must study at a university or a college. If they prefer manual jobs, they can become builders, carpenters, plumbers, shop assistants and so on.

The problems of young people with their job- young people may face /čeliť/ these problems when they start working:

  • they do not have enough experience and that’s why they can have problems to find a new job or to do their job well at the beginning
  • they have to learn how to get on with their work colleagues
  • sometimes they have to learn to work under pressure or in stressful conditions

My dream job as a child

When I was a child I wanted to be ……………… /an actor, an actress, a pop-singer, a sportsman, a doctor, a scientist, an astronaut…/. When I grew up, my dream has changed because I realized it wasn’t realistic to become ………………… /napr. I am not talented enough to become a pop-singer/ an actor/ a sportsman. It is very demanding and difficult to study at the university to become a doctor…/

After I finish school I would like to:

  • work as …………………. (a car mechanic, an electrician, a builder…) because I will have a qualification. I like this job and I would like to get some new experience.
  • I wouldn’t like to find a permanent job immediately after I finish school because I would like to travel and see the world. Maybe I will find a job (for example as a builder, electrician…) for a short period of time abroad to earn some money (for example in the Czech republic, in England, in Germany, Denmark …) 

WORKAHOLICS:

Workaholic is a man who loves his job and he doesn’t want to do anything else /= nechce robiť nič iné). He works from morning till evening and he doesn’t have any free time which he could spend with his family and friends. I think that it is fine to have a good job and do it perfectly but it is also very important to do some hobbies or to go for a walk and enjoy sport activities.

DANGEROUS JOBS:/nebezpečné zamestnania/

I think that among the dangerous jobs we can count for example miners. It is a dangerous job because miners can easily get injured or even killed in a mine. I think that firemen, policemen and rescue teams in the mountains have dangerous jobs too because they often have to risk their lives to save other people.

JOBS WHICH REQUIRE SPECIAL TALENT OR CHARACTER TRAITS /zamestnania, ktoré vyžadujú špeciálny talent alebo charakterové črty/:

For some jobs you need to have a special talent and determination. People like artists, photographers, designers and journalists can’t be successful if they are not talented. You need to have a good imagination, fantasy and a lot of creativity.

For some jobs, you need to have certain qualities or character traits. For example, if you want to become a doctor, you need:

  • determination - odhodlanie
  • patience – trpezlivosť
  • flexibility – flexibilita, prispôsobivosť
  • sensitivity – citlivosť
  • you should be good at dealing with people – mal by si byť dobrý v zaobchádzaní s ľuďmi
  • you should be prepared to work long hours and weekends – mal by si byť pripravený pracovať dlhé hodiny a víkendy

A teacher should be:

* friendly - priateľský

*good at dealing with people – dobrý v zaobchádzaní s ľuďmi

*good at explaining things – dobrý vo vysvetľovaní

* he/she should have a strong sense of fairness – mal/a by mať silný zmysel pre zodpovednosť

A computer analyst must be:

* good at using computers – dobrý v používaní počítačov

* think logically – myslieť logicky

* be flexible – byť flexibilný, prispôsobivý

Vocabulary:

job – práca /konkrétne zamestnanie/

work – práca

occupation – zamestnanie

a profession – profesia

working hours – pracovný čas, pracovná doba

regular working hours – pravidelná pracovná doba

re-qualification – rekvalifikácia

change - zmeniť

influence – ovplyvniť

a decision – rozhodnutie

grow up – vyrásť

dream – snívať, sen

realize – uvedomiť si

talented – talentovaný

enough – dosť

become – stať sa

demanding – náročné

difficult – ťažké, obtiažné

a way - spôsob

to look for – hľadať

to look for a job – hľadať si prácu

a vacancy – voľné pracovné miesto

a position – pozícia

staff – personal

promotion – povýšenie /He got a promotion. = Bol povýšený./

to be promoted – byť povýšený

a job advertisement – pracovný inzerát

to apply for a job – požiadať o prácu

an applicant – žiadateľ

an application form – formulár žiadosti

curriculum vitae /CV/ - životopis

qualification – kvalifikácia

work experience – pracovná skúsenosť

reference – referencia, odporúčanie

cover letter – motivačný list

get / find work – dostať / nájsť si prácu

effective – efektívny

the most effective – najefektívnejší

several – viaceré

to look at – pozrieť sa na

an acquaintance – známy

a jobcentre – úrad práce

an employment office /an employment agency/ - pracovná agentúra

employment - zamestnanie

unemployed – nezamestnaný

an employer – zamestnávateľ

an employee – zamestnanec

unemployment benefit – podpora v nezamestnanosti

get the sack / be fired – byť vyhodený z práce

be out of job – byť bez práce

be made redundant – byť prepustený kvôli nadbytočnosti

to give up work – zanechať prácu

to retire – ísť do dôchodku

a retirement – dôchodok

a pension – penzia

be workaholic – byť workoholik

a boss – šéf

a director – riaditeľ

a manager – manažér

an administrator – administratívny pracovník

a clerk – úradník

a research worker – výskumný pracovník

a colleague – kolega

a workmate – spolupracovník

a partner – partner

do paperwork – robiť administratívnu prácu

do manual work – robiť manuálnu prácu

routine work – rutinná práca

a salary – plat, mzda

a payrise – zvýšenie platu

have to – musieť

future – budúci

either …or – buď … alebo

still – ešte stále

free - voľný

include – zahrnúť

necessary – nevyhnutný

personal data – osobné údaje

education – vzdelanie

special skills – špeciálne zručnosti

computer skills – počítačové zručnosti

a driving licence – vodičský preukaz

together – spolu

to offer – ponúknuť

after – po /after that – potom/

you should – mal by si

to prepare for – pripraviť sa (na niečo)

to influence – ovplyvniť

opinion – názor

in your opinion – podľa tvojho názoru

decide – rozhotnúť sa

a decision – rozhodnutie

future – budúci

between – medzi

a better paid job – lepšie platená práca

nowadays – v súčasnosti

higher education – vyššie vzdelanie

to want – chcieť

to prefer – preferovať, uprednostňovať

graduation – ukončenie školy

I would like to – chcel by som

work as – pracovať ako

immediately – okamžite

a permanent job – trvalá práca, trvalé zamestnanie

maybe – možno

travel – cestovať

a short period of time – krátky čas

abroad – v zahraničí

to earn – zarobiť

Germany – Nemecko

England – Anglicko

Denmark – Dánsko

may - môcť
face problems – čeliť problémom

well – dobre

at the beginning – na začiatku

get on with somebody – vychádzať s niekým

to work under pressure – pracovať pod tlakom

stressful conditions – stresové podmienky

spend time – stráviť čas

to change – zmeniť

to choose - vybrať

career – kariéra

to change – zmeniť, vymeniť

later – neskôr

all of them - všetci

satisfied – spokojný

a reason – príčina, dôvod

working conditions – pracovné podmienky

unpleasant – nepríjemný

intolerant – netolerantný

need – potrebovať

cover the living costs – pokryť výdavky na živobytie

pay bills – platiť účty

They want to make the most of their talent. – Chcú vyťažiť čo najviac zo svojho talentu.

consider – považovať

dangerous – nebezpečný

among – medzi

count – počítať

to get injured – byť zranený

kill – zabiť

a rescue team – záchranný tím

mountains – hory

save – zachrániť

determination – odhodlanie

character traits – charakterové črty, charakterové vlastnosti

successful – úspešný

a lot of - veľa

imagination – predstavivosť

creativity – tvorivosť, kreativita

fantasy – fantasia

certain – určité

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