The Czech System of Education

Cudzie jazyky » Angličtina

Autor: janka
Typ práce: Referát
Dátum: 16.09.2008
Jazyk: Angličtina
Rozsah: 667 slov
Počet zobrazení: 6 878
Tlačení: 544
Uložení: 560
School attendance in the Czech Republic is compulsory from the age from 6 to15. Most children attend state schools, but there are also newly established private and church schools. Education at state schools is free of charge, but students at secondary schools must pay for their textbooks. Private and church schools charge schools fees. Children in our schools system don’t wear uniforms. Handicapped children are educated separately.
The school year starts on 1st September and ends on 30th June of the following year. The school year is divided into two terms (September – January, February – June). A school day is different at different types of schools. The average number of lessons at a secondary school is around thirty a week, primary schools have fewer lessons, while specialized schools often have more. Classes begin at 8 o’clock and there are from 4 to 6 lessons in a row, followed by a lunch break and then afternoon classes. Breaks between the lessons last from 5 to 15 minutes.

Pupils and students are evaluated by marks from 1 to 5, 1 is the best, 5 is the worst. Each term students get their schools report with marks from both compulsory and elective subjects. Education in our country includes these stages: pre-school, primary, secondary and tertiary.

Pre-school education is provided by nursery school for children up to 3 years of age and the kindergarten for children aged 3 to 6. At 6 children start to go to primary schools and they stay there untill 15. At 15 the pupils transfer from primary to secondary school. Some pupils, whose parents wish then to, can transfer to grammar school or high school at the age of 11 after they have passed an entrance examination.

At 15 pupils can choose among a variety of secondary schools:
· grammar schools (high schools) with general and rather academic education which prepare students for university study
· special schools which include technical colleges, specialized in building, chemistry and engineering business
· vocational schools training would-be workers for practical jobs.

Secondary schools usually lasts for 4 years and at grammar and specialized schools it is finished with a school‑leaving examination, which is required by all universities and colleges. The examination is taken in four subjects at grammar schools (Czech, a foreign language and two optional subjects chosen from foreign languages, science subjects or humanities) and in five or more subjects at specialized schools. The examination is held in May and is mostly oral except Czech in which an essay is written about a month before. The oral part of the exam takes about two hours, half an hour for each subject. A student chooses one of 25 to 30 topics by drawing a number and after 15 minutes preparation he speaks on the topic and solves given tasks. After the graduates have passed their school-leaving exam they receive the School-Leaving Certificate and they can apply for study at universities and colleges.

Universities and colleges provide tertiary education which lasts from 4 to 6 years. Each secondary school graduate can apply for as many universities and colleges as he likes but before he is accepted they have to pass an entrance examination in subjects in which the university specialized. The exam consists of a written test and an interwiev. Undergraduates can study a variety of subjects for example: economic, history, journalist, english, architecture etc. The university students can enroll at three-year courses for a Bachelor’s Degree or four and five-year courses for a Master’s Degree. The university or college study is finished with a state examination and every undergraduate also has to write a thesis in order to receive a diploma in a certain field of study. The diploma is handed over at a graduation ceremony. Doctoral Degrees are awarded after another few years of study, which may be also individual, and comletion of another thesis. For those who don’t want to enter the university there are various types of two-year training courses.

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