Mass Media – maturitná téma

Cudzie jazyky » Angličtina

Autor: verca123
Typ práce: Referát
Dátum: 19.03.2020
Jazyk: Angličtina
Rozsah: 862 slov
Počet zobrazení: 3 452
Tlačení: 178
Uložení: 156

Mass Media

1. THE PRESS

Maybe one of the oldest information instruments is the press. The first books were handwritten. Thanks to Johann Gutenberg, who invented the printing press, the problem of copying books was solved. Now the market is full of booksnewspapers and magazines oriented on every topic in our life.

Newspapers are published every day; some of them are published even at weekends. There are:
national 
regional /local/
broadsheets
tabloids 

Broadsheets are printed on large pages and are serious in tone => they bring information that is serious and objective => for example national and political news, financial and economic news, sports news, list of television and radio programs, weather forecast, crosswords, advertisements and so on. They are usually published daily, and so we call them dailies.
The tabloids are of smaller size and bring less serious news => they bring entertaining articles => these are usually “human-interest stories” and often discuss the personal lives of famous people – gossips about famous people’s lives.
Regional /local/ newspapers /Kysuce, Kysucké noviny, Žilinský večerník, Galantsko-Šalianský žurnál/ - they are weeklies and they contain news of local events and sports, publish advertisements for local businesses and real estate agencies.

Magazines are usually published weekly, have more pages than newspapers and are in color.
Many magazines concentrate on subjects of interest: an ideal home, gardening, cooking, mother and baby, DIY, cars, sport, traveling, films, music and theatre.

Women`sand men`s magazines contain stories, articles on fashion, make-up, food and fitness, cars, music, sport and so on
Children`s magazines publish short fairy tales, short poems, simple crosswords and so on.
Magazines for specialists in a particular field – for example computer programming, science, medicine, biology, etc.
Journals– serious magazines – they publish articles written by experts – e.g. doctors, scientists, teachers etc.

2. THE TELEVISION

A Scotsman, John Logie Baird, transmitted the first TV picture in 1925. Since then, television has played an important role in our society.

Watching TV is very popular. Many people spend their free time with watching TV and they enjoy every single program. On the other hand many people say it is waste of time and some adults also say that TV has a bad influence on kids – there are a lot of films about people who are killing each other, cartoon for children are sometimes full of violence.

Programs which are broadcast on TV entertain viewers of different age groups, interest, and educational background. Program-guides help you to make your own choice between the programs which aim is to:
1. entertain

  1. inform
  2. educate people

On TV we can watch: news programs, the weather forecast, talk shows, quiz shows, documentaries, educational programs, soap operas, films, cartoons, sitcoms

Disadvantages of TV
Many people watch TV long hours and until late night and become addicted to it. The next day they are tired and cannot concentrate at work or at school. Their eyes suffer and they can have health problems.

In Slovakia we have:

a) Public television is our national television. In Slovakia it is STV. It has two channels STV 1 and STV 2. It is a serious television. STV 1 usually broadcasts news programs, educational programs and films. There is an evening program for children regularly every day. STV 2usually broadcasts documentaries and stories about famous people.

b)Private television – in Slovakia it is for example Markíza, TV JOJ… Private televisions are less serious than the national TV and broadcast many films, shows and entertaining programs. There is a lot of violence shown on private televisions.

c) Regional televisions – they usually broadcast news about the region and events that happened there. Sometimes there are interviews with people who are well-known in the particular region – e.g. the Mayor of a town, village, and owners of local companies.

3. THE RADIO

The first radio was discovered in 1886 by a German physics Henrich Hertz. Gradually, it was developed by many scientists including an Italian called Marconi. In those times the quality of broadcasting was very low. Broadcasting in the UK is provided by BBC, the quality of broadcasting is very high and there are thousands of radio stations around the world.

Some people prefer listening to radio to watching TV or reading the press. There is a lot of good music. The news is read by a presenter and the radio offers many good programs.

Many people listen to radio all day long – at work, while cooking, working in the garden and so on. Young people usually listen to a lot of music – e.g. Express, Fun Radio and so on.
There are different kinds of radios:

  1. state radios (Slovensko )
  2. private independent radios (Fun radio, Okej, Twist, Express)
  3. local radios (Tatry, Trenčan,Klub Sity)
  1. THE INTERNET - is the most modern and the fastest way of communication and getting information. The first communication net was created in 1960s between US Army bases. It was called Arpanet. At the end of the 20th century the net was modernized – Internet – informational communication net was created. Now professionals use internet for work. They create new servers and web pages. We can really find there everything; however, more and more people become addicted because of chat rooms and internet games.
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