Man and nature téma

Man and nature téma

Today, the Earth is overcrowded with more than 6 billion inhabitants. All life on our planet depends on three basic elements: air, water and soil. The air we breathe, the water we drink and the soil we plant our foods, all are polluted. These elements are environment.  Environment – is everything what is around us.

One of the most serious problems is pollution. The situation is critical and mankind must find solutions. The most serious problems are:

* AIR POLLUTION – factories produced dangerous chemicals that endanger (ohrozujú) all life, FE carbon dioxide (oxid uhličitý), radioactive particles, dangerous gases, freon. These chemicals destroy the ozone layer surround our planet, and the layer is getting thinner. Through the ozone hole letting in ultraviolet radiation which can cause skin cancer, eye damage (poškodenie) and blindness. Level of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere causes greenhouse effect, what means global warming - our planet is getting warmer. The polar icecaps (ľadovec) are melting, so sea levels are rising (stúpajú) and scientists predict (predpvedajú) that some seaside areas will disappear under the sea in the future. Earthquakes are more frequent and it damages a lot of houses and human lives. It sometimes causes floods (záplavy), tsunami, tornados, and droughts (súchá). It causes that many animal species (živočíšne druhy) are in danger of extinction (vyhubenie) and have to be protected (chránené) in national parks, zoos, botanical gardens and game reserves (prírodné rezervácie).

* WATER POLLUTION – water in clouds (mraky) make acid rains (kyslé dažde) which damages buildings, kills trees and pollutes soil. All chemicals from acid rains leak into (presakujú) soil and pollute water. Water is contaminated and water animals can’t live and they die.

* SOIL POLLUTION – we use pesticides and fertilizers (um. hnojivá) for better crops (plodiny) and that crops than we eat with fertilizers. Soil pollutes waste (odpad) and rubbish (smeti) too. We should separate the rubbish, because packaging (obaly), paper, old bottle and cans (prechovky) lets in the forests.

There are some environmental organisations, such as Green Peace, Children of the Earth, and other volunteer organisations which try to inform people and try to make them (nútiť ich) realise the importance of the protecting nature. Our aim should be sustainable development (trvale udržateľný rozvoj).

Thousands of years ago man was depend on the nature surrounding him. He used only what he needed: he cut wood to make a fire and a shelter; he picked wild berries; and killed animals to feed his family. He didn’t need anything else for life. Later, when he became farmer, he built a house, plant a crops and raise domesticated animals (choval zv.) He started exploit nature.

VOCABULARY

waste bin – odpadkový kôš unleaded petrol-bezolovnatý benzín

iceberg – odtrhnutý ľadovec sun rays – slnečné žiarenie

glacier – ľadovec v horách vehicle - vozidlo

endangered species – ohrozené druhy crops - plodiny

threatened species - ---- II---- to exploit – vykorisťovať, využívať

to extinct – vyhubiť pollutants – znečisťovače

to harm – ublížiť recyclable – recyklovateľný

to protect – ochraňovať loudry detergent – prací prášok

extinction – vyhubenie exhaust fumes - výfukové plyny

chemical substances – chemickélátky efforts – úsilie

destruction – rozpad to leak into – presakovať

ban – zákaz endanger – ohrozovať

fault → vina, chyba (niekoho) threats – hrozby

to suppose → predpokladať disasters – katastrofy

to pollute → znečišťovať

pollutation → znečistenie :

pollutants → znečisťujúce látky (gases, freons, CO2)

How we can protect the environment?

• we can separate waste/garbage
• turn off the lights if we aren’t in the room
• turn off electric appliances
• take a shower instead of (namiesto) having a bath = save a water
• buy local product (miestne produkty)
• travel to work by bicycle or walk, don’t use cars and buses
• during cleaning the teeth stop water
• take your own bag when you go shopping