Health Care (konverzačná téma)

Health Care (konverzačná téma)

Talk about:

1. Common illnesses / diseases, symptoms, treatment/bežné choroby, symptómy, liečba/
2. A healthy lifestyle /zdravý životný štýl/
3. How can people protect their health /ako si môžu ľudia chrániť zdravie/
4. Health care in Slovakia /zdravotná starostlivosť v SR/
5. A visit to a doctor /návšteva lekára/

Health /zdravie/ is very important and therefore everybody should look after it.

1. People can suffer from /trpieť, byť chorý na/ these illnesses and diseases:

• A FLU /chrípka/ – when you have a flu, you have a temperature /teplota/, your body aches /bolieť/ and you feel bad. You should see the doctor – he will give you antibiotics. You should stay in bed, drink a lot of tea and take pills /užívať tabletky/
• A COLD /nádcha/ – when you have a cold, you sneeze /kýchať/, you have a sore throat /bolesť v hrdle/ and your nose is runny /tečie ti z nosa/. You should stay in bed, drink a lot of hot tea and take some vitamins.
• DIABETES – cukrovka
• APPENDICTIS – zápal slepého čreva
• DIARRHOEA – hnačka
• MEASELS – osýpky

People can also suffer from fatal diseases /smrteľné choroby/. For example:

• AIDS – if you have AIDS, you lose /stratiť/ your immunity. The patient /pacient/ fells weak /slabý/, can have a fever /horúčka/, loses weight /chudne/ and any infection can be fatal to him. It is a very serious disease /vážna choroba/ and scientists /vedci/ are trying to find a cure /liek/ for it.
• CANCER /rakovina/ – a serious disease – the patient has a tumor /nádor/ which is cured /lieči sa/ by tablets, injections or a chemotherapy
• HEART ATTACK – srdcový infarkt

Diseases of civilization /civilizačné choroby/:

• ASTHMA – astma
• ALLERGIES – alergie
• MIGRENES – migréna

1. If we want to avoid /vyhnúť sa/ illnesses, we should keep /dodržiavať/ a helthy lifestyle/zdravý životný štýl/. A healthy lifestyle can help us to protect /ochrániť/ our body against diseases. A helathy lifestyle involves /zahŕňa/:

• regular exercise – pravidelné cvičenie
• plenty of rest – veľa odpočinku
• enough sleep – dostatok spánku
• good eating habits – dobré stravovacie návyky
• a lot of vitamins – veľa vitamínov
• no smoking or alcohol
• we should think positively – mali by sme myslieť pozitívne

If we want to be healthy, we should take care of our health /starať sa o svoje zdravie/. We should:

• clean our teeth regularly – čistiť si zuby pravidelne
• do some exercise every day – každý deň cvičiť
• go for a walk – ísť na prechádzku
• have a massage or a sauna sometimes
• reduce amount of fat, salt, sugar and cholesterol – zredukovať množstvo tuku, soli, cukru a cholesterolu
• loose weight if we are overweight – schudnúť ak máme nadváhu
• visit our doctor /GP/ regularly for check-ups – navštíviť pravidelne lekára na kontroly
• visit a dentist twice a year – navštíviť zubára dvakrát za rok
• eat a lot of vegetables
• take some vitamin pills – jesť vitamínové tabletky => it is better to eat fruit and vegetables. It is more healthy because fruit and vegetables don’t contain chemical additives /chemické prísady/ but the vitamin pills usually do. It is better to eat raw /surový/ fruit and vegetables because when we cook it, it looses the vitamins.

Health care in Slovakia is provided /zabezpečená/ for people from birth to death /od narodenia do smrti/. In Slovakia we have these health facilities:

1. a) State – štátna
2. b) Private – súkromné

Medical care can be given in:

• a health centre – zdravotné centrum
• a clinic – klinika
• a hospital – nemocnica
• a surgery – súkromná ambulancia
• an ambulance – sanitka

A pediatrician /pediater, detský lekár/ is a doctor who looks after the health of children. When a child is born, he is vaccinated against /zaočkovaný proti/ such diseases as tuberculosis, tetanus and so on. GP/= general practitioner = obvodný lekár/ is a doctor who looks after the health of adults. In case of emergency /v súrnom prípade/ we can call an ambulance – we call the number 155 – the ambulance takes the patient to a hospital. Serious cases /vážne prípady/ are immediately operated on in the operating theatre /operačná sála/. If we break a leg or an arm, we are X-rayed /roentgen/.

1. If we feel ill, we go to see our doctor who is called a GP. We should make an appointment in advance /objednať sa vopred/ and we must take our insurance card /poisteneckú kartičku/ with us. Everybody in our country has the right /právo/ go choose a doctor. When we come to the doctor’s surgery, he asks us how we feel and what problems we have. He examines us /vyšetrí nás/ and prescribes medicine /predpíše lieky/. Sometimes we must see a specialist – for example a dentist /zubár/, a surgeon /chirurg/, a psychiatrist and so on.

Some people prefer alternative medicine /alternatívna medicína/ – it isn’t the traditional way of treating illnesses /nie je to tradičný spôsob liečenia chorôb/ – for example acupuncture when thin needles /tenké ihly/ are put ito different parts of the body.

BODY PARTS /časti tela/:

• head – hlava
• eye – oko
• mouth – ústa
• ear – ucho
• cheek – líce
• nose – nos
• neck – krk
• shoulders – plecia
• chest – hruď
• back – chrbát
• arm – rameno
• elbow – lakeť
• hand – ruka
• fingers – prsty
• bottom – zadok
• leg – noha /celá/
• knee – koleno
• foot – noha /chodidlo/