Education

Cudzie jazyky » Angličtina

Autor: verca123
Typ práce: Maturita
Dátum: 04.05.2012
Jazyk: Angličtina
Rozsah: 805 slov
Počet zobrazení: 12 130
Tlačení: 605
Uložení: 593
Education
 
Education is one of the most important things in the world. Nowadays, it is essential and advantageous to everybody to realize that the more we study the better our lives will be. Education is an effective means for spreading information, doing away with poverty and improving the livign standard. It also contributes to the health care. Children of all ages should be educated as well as possible so that they can grow up to be intelligent and well-behaved adult people. Education  is not related only to children but to the adults, too.
 
Education in Great Britain, Slovakia and in the USA is quite similar, however there are a few differences.
The educational system in Slovakia has been reformed for several times. Our school system comprises four main grades:
-  the pre-school stage
-  the basic /elementary/ grade
-  the secondary and higher education
-  universities
 
The pre- school grade provides care
for the youngest group of children and is not compulsory. Infants and children up to 3 years visit crechés. Children from 3 to 6 years go to nursery schools or kindergartens. It is suitable when children visit nursery schools one year before they start basic education.
Basic education is compusory for all children after age of six. Basic education is provided by Primary schools. At these schools children learn the three R´s – Readin, wRitting, aRithmetic, with the subjects such as Slovak, foreign languages – usually English, German or French, History, Geography, Mathematics, Chemistry, Biology, Physic, Physical Education – PE, Art, Civics. Children who visit Primary schools are called pupils. They have to attend Primary schools for  9 years.

Boys and girls
over 15 are given Secondary education at Secondary schools  such as Secondary Grammar School, Secondary Comprehensive School, Trade School or Art school. These boys and girls are called students. Tehy have to study hard so that they have good marks. Some of them must pass an entrance examination to be admitted to a school. They learn general and special subjects such as Economics, Law, Typing, Information technologies and so on. After studying at Secondary schools students are ready to work in offices, factories and agriculture. They finish their study with the school leaving examination. Some students decide to continue in their education. They decide for higher education or they study at universities. Those, who want to attend universities have to study really hard for passing an entrance examination. University education includes the study at Technical Universities, Economical Universities, Art Academies etc. Universities are usually divided into faculties or colleges. In Slovakia you can study at Comenius University in Bratislava, the Universtiy of Pavol Jozef Šafarik in Košice, the University of Prešov in Prešov, the Slovak Technical University in Bratislava and many others. Students  take degrees in their field of study after university education /for example Master´s degree/. The most advanced type of degree is a PhD when postgraduate students study on their own for several years doing research work and writing a dissertation explaining what they have discovered. Tehy also have to defend their work in fron of a panel of professors.
 
Most pupils in Britain schools
wear a school uniform. The favourite colours for school uniforms are blue, grey and black. British studnets do not have to pay to go to university, but do need money to live away from home while they are studying. Some students whose parents  do not earn a lot of money are given a grant or they borrow money from the bank. Money must be paid back after they leave university. Some students work during the holidays to earn some extra money. Not all students study full-time at university and they combine their studies with work. Many companies release their staff for training several times a week. Oxford and Cambridge are the oldest universities in Britain and they have the highest academic reputation.
Eton, Harrow and Winchester Public schools are the most expensive private schools. The largest teaching institution in Britain is the Open University. Students are taught through television, radio and especially written coursebooks.
 
The USA – there are public schools – financed by the state so these schools are free. Private schools are paid by parents. Only those private schools which are financed by various religious groups are free of charge. The present system of the  USA education can be divided into the following stages:
Elementary education – elementary schols – 1st – 6th grade – between the ages of 6 and 12. Secondary education – high schools – 7th – 12th grade – between the ages of 12-18.
Junior high school – 7th – 9th grade- between the ages of 12 and 15
Senior high school – 10th –12th grade- between the ages of 15 and 18
Higher education – colleges, universities
The most famous US schools are Harvard /Massachussets/, Yale /Connecticut/

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